Phil Stenger Phil Stenger's Sourcebook of Receivership Law And Practice
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Sourcebook Chapters
Introduction
Legal & Statutory Basis
Jurisdictional Issues
Causes of Action
Actions For Contempt
Receiver Standing / In Pari Delicto
Jurisdiction, Venue And Service Issues Related To A Receiver’s Action Against A Foreign Third Party
Distribution Of Disgorgement Funds To Investors
The Right Of Third Parties To Intervene In The SEC Action
SEC Receivers In Foreign Courts
Sale Of Property
The Impact Of Bankruptcy On The SEC Receivership
Receiver's Duty to Invest Funds
Receiver's Duty to Report And Keep Accurate Account
Tax Issues Effecting Receiverships
A Few Practical Tips
Conclusion
Key Cases & Statutes

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Key Cases & Statutes

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Issue

Cases

Abstention

U.S.A. v. Fairway Capital Corporation, 433 F.Supp.2d 226 (D.R.I., 2006)

Alter Ego

Acree v. McMahan, 585 S.E.2d 873 (Ga. 2003)

C. F. Trust, Inc. v. First Flight L.P., 580 S.E.2d 806 (Va. 2003)

Goya Foods, Inc. v. Unanue-Casal, 982 F. Supp. 103 (D.P.R. 1997)

Integrated Bus. Info. Serv. (Proprietary) Ltd. v. Dun & Bradstreet Corp., 714 F. Supp. 296 (N.D. Ill. 1989)

Scholes v. Lehmann, 56 F.3d 750 (7th Cir. 1995)

 

 

Appeal

Distribution Plan

 

 

In General

Intervention/Nonparties

 

SEC v. Basic Energy & Affiliated Resources, Inc., 273 F.3d 657 (6th Cir. 2001)
SEC v. Capital Consultants LLC, 453 F.3d 1166 (9th Cir. 2006)
SEC v. Forex Asset Mgmt. LLC, 242 F.3d 325 (5th Cir. 2001)
In re Pressman-Gutman Co., Inc., 459 F.3d 383 (3d Cir. 2006)

SEC v. Wozniak, 33 F.3d 13 (3d Cir. 1994)

               Standing

 

 

Appeal, Right to

Gilchrist v. General Electric (4th Cir. 2001)

Searcy v. Philips Electronics, 117 F.3d 154, 156-58 (5th Cir. 1997)

SEC v. Forex Asset Mgt, 242 F.3d 325, 330 n. 5 (5th Cir. 2001)

SEC v. Wozniak, 33 F.3d 13 (3d Cir. 1994)

U.S.v. Kirschenbaum (7th Cir. 1998)

 

 

Asset Protection Trust 

See Repatriation

 

 

Bankruptcy

 Effect on Receiver

Stay of Investor Litigation

 

Gilchrist v. Gen. Elec. Capital Corp., 262 F.3d 295 (4th Cir. 2001)

Fisher v. Apostolou, 155 F.3d 876 (7th Cir. 1998)

 

 

Charitable Contributions

See Fraudulent Conveyances

 

 

Claims Administration

Due Process Requirements

 

SEC v. Elliott, 953 F.2d 1560 (11th Cir. 1992)

 

 

Clean Hands/In Pari Delicto

Hirsch v. Arthur Anderson & Company, 72 F.3d 1085 (2nd Cir. 1995)

In re Bennett Funding Group, Inc., 366 F.3d 94 (2nd Cir. 2003)

In re Jack Greenberg, Inc., 240 B.R. 486 (Bankr. E.D. Pa. 1999)

Marwil v. Ent & Imler CPA Group, PC, 2004 WL 2750255 (S.D. Ind. Nov. 24, 2004)

Quilling v. Cristell, 2006 WL 316981 (W.D.N.C. 2006)

Scholes v. Lehmann, 56 F.3d 750 (7th Cir. 1995)

 

 

Consideration

See Fraudulent Conveyances

 

 

Contempt

Am. Fletcher Mortgage Co. v. Bass, 688 F.2d 513 (7th Cir. 1982)

Central States Pension Fund v. Wintz Properties, 155 F.3d 868 (7th Cir. 1998)

Chicago Truck Drivers v. Brotherhood Labor Leasing, 207 F.3d 500 (8th Cir. 2000)

Chadwick v. Janecka, 312 F.3d 597 (3rd Cir. 2002)

CFTC v. Armstrong, 284 F.2d  406 (2nd Cir. 2002)

CFTC  v. Premex, Inc., 655 F.2d 779 (7th Cir. 1981)

CFTC v. Wellington Precious Metals, 950 F.2d 1525 (11th Cir. 1992)

Electrical Workers Pension Trust Fund v. Gary’s Electric Service Co., 340 F.3d 373 (6th Cir. 2003)

Fed. R. Civ. Pro. R. 65, 70 and 71

FTC v. Affordable Media, LLC, 179 F.3d 1228 (9th Cir. 1999)

FTC v. Cleverlink Trading Ltd., 2006 WL 1735276 (N.D.Ill. 2006)

Goya Foods, Inc. v. Wallack Mgmt. Co., 290 F.3d 63 (1st Cir. 2002)

In re Lawrence, 279 F.3d 1294 (11th Cir. 2002) (“Lawrence”)

McComb v. Jacksonville Paper Co., 336 U.S. 187 (1949)

Roman v. Korson, 307 F.Supp.2d 908 (W.D.Mich. 2004)

SEC v. Homa, 2004 WL 1093492, (N.D.Ill. 2004)

SEC v. Homa, 2000 WL 1700139 (N.D. Ill. Nov. 13, 2000)

Shakman v. Democratic Organization of Cook County, 533 F.2d 344, (7th Cir. 1976)

Steffen v. Gray, Harris & Robinson, 283 F.Supp.2d 1272 (M.D.Fla. 2003)

Stotler and Co. v. Able, 870 F.2d 1158 (7th Cir. 1989)

United States v. Asay, 614 F.2d 655 (9th Cir. 1980)

United States v. Barnette, 129 F.3d 1179 (11th Cir. 1997)

United States v. Chusid, 372 F.3d 113 (2d Cir. 2004)

Wright, Miller & Kane, Federal Practice & Procedure: Civil 2d, §2960

Wright, King & Klein, Federal Practice and Procedure:  Criminal 3rd §705

 

 

Corporate Veil, Piercing

See Alter Ego

See Reverse-Piercing

 

 

Deepening Insolvency

Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors v. R. F. Lafferty & Co., Inc., 267 F.3d 340 (3rd Cir. 2001)

 

 

Disgorgement

Commodity Futures Trading Comm’n v. Kimberlynn Creek Ranch, Inc., 276 F.3d 187 (4th Cir. 2002)

SEC v. Blavin, 760 F.2d 706 (6th Cir. 1985)

SEC v. First Jersey Sec., Inc., 101 F.3d 1450 (2d Cir. 1996)

SEC v. Huffman, 996 F.2d 800 (5th Cir. 1993)

SEC v. Elliott, 953 F.2d 1560 (11th Cir. 1992)

SEC v. Tome, 883 F.2d 1086 (2d Cir. 1987)

 

 

Distribution Plans

Appealability

Due Process

 

 

Fair and Equitable

 

 

Objection after funds distributed

 

Out of Pocket losses

 

Powers of Court

 

 

 

See Appeal

SEC v. Basic Energy & Affiliated Resources, Inc., 273 F.3d 6557 (6th Cir. 2001)

SEC v. Elliott, 953 F.2d 1560 (11th Cir. 1992)

SEC v. Basic Energy & Affiliated Resources, Inc., 273 F.3d 657, 670-71 (6th Cir. 2001)

U.S.A. v. Fairway Capital Corporation, 433 F.Supp.2d 226 (D.R.I., 2006)

 

SEC v. Wozniak 33 F.3d 13 (3d Cir. 1994)

SEC v. Certain Unknown Purchasers of the Common Stock of and Call Options for the Common Stock of Santa Fe International Corporation, 817 F.2d 1018 (2d Cir. 1987)

SEC v. Elliott, 953 F.2d 1560 (11th Cir. 1992)

SEC v. Forex Asset Mgmt. LLC, 242 F.3d 325 (5th Cir. 2001)

SEC v. Hardy, 803 F.2d 1034 (9th Cir. 1986)

Equitable Powers of Court (in Receivership)

SEC v. Basic Energy & Affiliated Resources, Inc., 273 F.3d 657 (6th Cir. 2001)

SEC v. Hardy, 803 F.2d 1034 (9th Cir. 1986)

SEC v. Lincoln Thrift Ass’n, 577 F2d 6008 (9th Cir. 1978)

 

 

Fraud/Fraudulent Conveyances

Charitable Contributions

 

 

Consideration

 

 

 

 


General

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investor, Payment in Excess of Investment

 

Transfer

Spouse

 


Proof of Intent

 

 

Scholes v. Lehmann, 56 F.3d 750 (7th Cir. 1995)

Stenger v. World Harvest Church, 2006 WL 870310 (N.D.Ga. 2006)

In re Chomakos, 69 F.3d 769 (6th Cir. 1995)

Scholes v. Lehmann, 56 F.3d 750 (7th Cir. 1995)

Stenger v. World Harvest Church, 2006 WL 870310 (N.D.Ga. 2006)

Tcherepnin v. Franz, 485 F.2d 1251 (7th Cir. 1973)

Terry v. June, 432 F.Supp.2d 635 (W.D.Va. 2006)

In re: Unified Commercial Capital, 2002 WL 32500567 (W.D.N.Y. Jun. 21, 2002)

Quilling v. Cristell, 2006 WL 316981 (W.D.N.C. 2006)

Stenger v. Rogers, 2006 WL 449151 (N.D.Ga. 2006)

Stenger v. World Harvest Church, 2006 WL 870310 (N.D.Ga. 2006)

Tcherepnin v. Franz, 485 F.2d 1251 (7th Cir. 1973)

Terry v. Dowdell, 2006 WL 2360933 (W.D.Va. 2006)

Terry v. June, 432 F.Supp.2d 635 (W.D.Va. 2006)

Scholes v. Lehmann, 56 F.3d 750 (7th Cir. 1995)

Terry v. June, 432 F.Supp.2d 635 (W.D.Va. 2006)

Chepstow Ltd. v. Hunt, 381 F.3d 1077 (11th Cir. 2004)

Spouse Scholes v. Lehmann, 56 F.3d 750 (7th Cir. 1995)

Stenger v. Rogers, 2006 WL 449151 (N.D.Ga. 2006)

In re Slatkin, 310 B.R. 740 (Bankr. C.D. Cal. 2004)

Quilling v. Cristell, 2006 WL 316981 (W.D.N.C. 2006)

Terry v. Dowdell, 2006 WL 2360933 (W.D.Va. 2006)

Terry v. June, 432 F.Supp.2d 635 (W.D.Va. 2006)

Warfield v. Alaniz, 2006 WL 2190563 (D.Ariz. 2006)

 

 

Freeze Orders, Violation of

See Contempt

Indemnification of Receiver

See Liabilit/Indemnificationy of Receiver

 

 

In Pari Delicto

See Clean Hands/In Pari Delicto

Intervention

Commodity Futures Trading Comm’n v. Heritage Capital Advisory Servs., Ltd., 736 F.2d 384 (7th Cir. 1984)

SEC v. Homa, 2001 WL 939080 (7th Cir. Aug. 17, 2001)

SEC v. Wozniak, 33 F.3d 13 (3d Cir. 1994)

 

 

Jurisdiction (Appellate)

In re Pressman-Gutman Co., Inc., 459 F.3d 383 (3d Cir. 2006)

Jurisdiction (Personal)

Alexander v. Hillman, 296 U.S. 222 (U.S. 1935)

FTC v. Cleverlink Trading Ltd., 2006 WL 1735276 (N.D.Ill. 2006)

Haile v. Henderson Nat. Bank, 657 F2d  816 (6th Cir. 1981)

In re Schwinn Bicycle Co., 190 B.R. 599 (Bankr. N.D. Ill. 1995)

Quilling v. Cristell, 2006 WL 316981 (W.D.N.C. 2006)

Quilling v. Stark, 2006 WL 1683442 (N.D.Tex. 2006)

SEC v. Bilzerian, 378 F.3d 1100 (D.C. Cir. 2004)

SEC v. Infinity Group Co., 27 F. Supp. 2d 559 (E.D. Pa. 1998)

SEC v. Tanner, 2006 WL 1128699 *2 (D.Kan. 2006)

Terry v. Walker, 369 F.Supp.2d 818 (W.D.Va.)

U.S. Small Business Administration v. Integrated Environmental Solutions, Inc., 2006 WL 2336446 (S.D.Tex. 2006)

U.S. Small Business Admin.istration, as Receiver for Acorn Technology Fund, L.P. v. Peter E. Chimicles, 2004 WL 2223304 (E.D. Pa. Sep. 22, 2004)

Warfield v. Alaniz, 2006 WL 2190563 (D.Ariz. 2006)

 

 

Laches

Warfield v. Alaniz, 2006 WL 2190563 (D.Ariz. 2006)

 

 

Liability/Indemnification of Receiver

FTC v. 3R Bancorp., 2006 WL 2191317 (N.D.Ill. 2006)

 

 

Officer of Court (Receiver)

Holland v. Sterling Enterpirses, Inc., 777 F.2d 1288 (7th Cir. 1985)

Terry v. June, 432 F.Supp.2d 635 (W.D.Va. 2006)

Warfield v. Alaniz, 2006 WL 2190563 (D.Ariz. 2006)

 

 

Ponzi/Pyramid Scheme Defined

In re Fin. Fed. Title & Trust Inc., 309 F.3d 1325, 1327n.2. (11th Cir. 2002)

Stenger v. Rogers, 2006 WL 449151 (N.D.Ga. 2006)

Stenger v. World Harvest Church, 2006 WL 870310 (N.D.Ga. 2006)

U.S. v. Orton, 73 F.3d 331, 332n.2. (11th Circ. 1996)

Warfield v. Alaniz, 2006 WL 2190563 (D.Ariz. 2006)

 

 

Repatriation

FTC v. Affordable Media, LLC, 179 F.3d 1228 (9th Cir. 1999)

FTC v. Think Achievement Corp., 144 F. Supp. 2d 1029 (N.D. Ind. 2000)

In Re Lawrence, 227 B.R. 907 (Bankp. S.D. Fla. 1998)

Steffen v. Gray, Harris & Robinson, 283 F.Supp.2d 1272 (M.D.Fla. 2003)

See also “Contempt”

 

 

Reverse Piercing of the Corporate Veil

Acree v. McMahan, 585 S.E.2d 873 (Ga. 2003)

 

 

Turnover Order, Violation of

See Contempt

 

 

Sale of Assets Free of Liens

Broadway Trust Co. v. Dill, 17 F.2d 486 (3rd Cir. 1927)

Mellen v. Moline, 131 U.S. 352

Milk Products Co., Inc., et al., 21 F.2d 414 (2nd Cir. 1927)

Spreckets v. Spreckels Surgar Corp. et al, 79 F2d 332 (2nd Cir. 1935)

Setoffs

United States v. Ariz. Fuels Corp., 739 F.2d 455 (9th Cir. 1984)

Standing

Am. Tissue, Inc. v. Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Sec. Corp., 351 F. Supp. 2d 79 (S.D.N.Y. 2004)

In re Cendant Corp. Sec. Litig., 404 F.3d 173 (3d. Cir. 2005)

In re Jack Greenberg, Inc., 240 B.R. 486 (Bankr. E.D. Pa. 1999)

In re First Cent. Fin.l Corp. v. Simon, 269 B.R. 502 (Bankr. E.D.N.Y. 2001)

Fisher v. Apostolou, 155 F.3d 876 (7th Cir. 1998)

Kusner v. First Penn. Corp., 74 F.R.D. 606 (E.D. Pa. 1977)

Standing of Receiver

Quilling v. Cristell, 2006 WL 316981 (W.D.N.C. 2006)

Scholes v. Lehmann, 56 F.3d 750 (7th Cir.: 1995)

Warfield v. Alaniz, 2006 WL 2190563 (D.Ariz. 2006)

Stenger v. World Harvest Church, 2006 WL 870310 (N.D.Ga. 2006)

Statue of Limitations/Repose

Am. Standard Credit, Inc. v. National Cement Co., 643 F.2d 248 (5th Cir. 1981)

Quilling v. Cristell, 2006 WL 316981 (W.D.N.C. 2006)

Resolution Trust Corp. v. Chapman, 895 F. Supp. 1072 (C.D. Ill. 1995)

Stenger v. World Harvest Church, 2006 WL 870310 (N.D.Ga. 2006)

Warfield v. Alaniz, 2006 WL 2190563 (D.Ariz. 2006)

Stay of Actions During Receivership

Barton v. Barber, 104 U.S. 126 (1881)

Carter v. Rodgers, 220 F.3d 1249 (11th Cir. 2000) cert. denied, 531 U.S. 1077 (2001)

Gilchrist v. Gen.  Elec. Capital Corp., 262 F.3d 295 (4th Cir. 2001)

SEC v. Wencke, 622 F.2d 1363 (9th Cir. 1980)

Summary Proceedings (In General)

Commodity Futures Trading Comm’n v. Heritage Capital Advisory Servs., Inc., 736 F.2d 384 (7th Cir. 1984)

SEC v. Basic Energy & Affiliated Resources, Inc., 273 F. 3d 657 (6th Cir. 2001)

SEC v. Elliott, 953 F2d 1560 (11th Cir. 1992)

SEC v. Homa, 2001 WL 939080 (7th Cir. Aug. 17, 2001)

United States v. Ariz. Fuels Corp., 739 F.2d 455 (9th Cir. 1984)

Warfield v. Alaniz, 2006 WL 2190563 (D.Ariz. 2006)

Venue, Actions by Receiver

Hodson v. Gilmartin, 2006 WL 2707397 (E.D.Pa. 2006)

Scholes v. Lehmann, 56 F.3d 750 (7th Cir. 1995)

Tcherepnin v. Franz, 489 F. Supp. 43 (N.D. Ill. 1980)

Venue, Transfer of

Hodson v. Gilmartin, 2006 WL 2707397 (E.D.Pa. 2006)

SEC v. Bilzerian, 378 F.3d 1100 (D.C. Cir. 2004)

Fed. R. Civ. Pro. R. 72 

See Pleading and Practice

28 U.S.C. § 754 (General)

Am. Freedom Train Found. v. Spurney, 747 F.2d 1069 (1st Cir. 1984)

Gilchrist v. Gen. Elec. Capital Corp., 262 F.3d 295 (4th Cir. 2001)

Haile v. Henderson Nat. Bank, 657 F2d  816 (6th Cir. 1981) cert. Denied 455 U.S. 949

Quilling v. Cristell, 2006 WL 316981 (W.D.N.C. 2006)

Quilling v. Stark, 2006 WL 1683442 (N.D.Tex. 2006)

Scholes v. African Enter., Inc., 854 F. Supp. 1315 (N.D. Ill. 1994)

Scholes v. Lehmann, 56 F.3d 750 (7th Cir. 1995)

SEC v. Bilzerian, 378 F.3d 1100 (D.C. Cir. 2004)

SEC v. Heartland Group, Inc., 2003 WL 21000363 (N.D. Ill. May 2, 2003)

SEC v. Tanner, WL 1128699, *2 (D.Kan. 2006)

SEC v. Vision Communications, Inc., 1996 WL 680229 (D.C. Cir. Oct. 23, 1996)

Tcherepnin v. Franz, 489 F. Supp. 43 (N.D. Ill. 1980)

Terry v. June, 2005 WL 1163103 (W.D. Va. Apr. 5, 2005)

Terry V. Walker, 369 F.Supp.2d 818 (W.D.Va)

United States v. Ariz. Fuels Corp., 739 F.2d 455 (9th Cir. 1984)
 

28 U.S.C. § 754 (Reappointment)

Quilling v. Cristell, 2006 WL 316981 (W.D.N.C. 2006)

Quilling v. Stark, 2006 WL 1683442 (N.D.Tex. 2006)

SEC v. Heartland Group, Inc., 2003 WL 21000363      (N.D. Ill. May 2, 2003)

SEC v. Tanner, 2006 WL 1128699, *2 (D.Kan. 2006)

SEC v. Vision Communications, Inc., 1996 WL 680229 (D.C. Cir. Oct. 23, 1996)

Terry v. June, 2005 WL 1163103 (W.D. Va. Apr. 5, 2003)

Terry v. Walker, 369 F.Supp.2d 818 (W.D.Va.)

28 U.S.C. § 1692

Am. Freedom Train Found. v. Spurney, 747 F.2d 1069 (1st Cir. 1984)

Haile v. Henderson Nat. Bank, 657 F2d  816 (6th Cir. 1981)

Quilling v. Cristell, 2006 WL 316981 (W.D.N.C. 2006)

Quilling v. Stark, 2006 WL 1683442 (N.D.Tex. 2006)

SEC v. Tanner, 2006 WL 1128699, *2 (D.Kan. 2006)

Terry v. June, 2005 WL 1163103 (W.D. Va. Apr. 5, 2003)

Terry v. Walker, 369 F.Supp.2d 818 (W.D.Va.)

 

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